Aemand mullee



' NITED STATES PATENT OFFI E.

ARMAND MULLER, OF MOUNT VERNON, ASSIGNOR TO JOHN E. BRUSTLElN AND PAUL SURY, OF NE\V YORK, N. Y.

vINSECTICIDE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 322,630, dated July 21, 1885.

Application filed December 11, 1883. (Specimens) To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARMAND MiiLLER, dootor of philosophy, of Mount Vernon, county of WVestchester, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in mixtures for use as Insecticides, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a dissolving com pound, which is especially useful as anti-parasitic for trees, shrubs, and other plants; and it consists in preparing the solution of bisulphide of carbon, which is insoluble in water, in the pure concentrated alkaline salt of sulpholeic or sulphoricinoleic acid, and said preparation is made as follows: Any of the compounds called triglycerides [0,H,(G,,H,,O,)O,]as, for instance, castoroil isconstantly cooled and mixed with from 25 per cent. to per cent. of cooled sulphuric acid, of about Baum, and care is taken that the mixture does not reach a temperature above 100 or 112 Fahrenheit. At this temperature any amount, but best a volume of water of twice the volume of the oil used, is added, and then the mixture is left for some time in order to sepaiate the surplus of sulphuric acid which has not combined; after which, by means of a suitable device, arranged like a separating-funnel with cook, the watery layer is to be separated from the oily layer. This oily layer, consisting of a sulpholeic acid of the general formula 0,,H,,, SO or O H SO, in which a triglyceride is to be found, may be treated in either of two ways: Either it is combined directly with an alkali-as, for instance, potassic hydrate, (KOH,) sodic hydrate, (NaOH,) and ammoniac hydrate (NELOl-L) which combinations will show already very valuable dissolving qualities or a better result is obtained if the not neutralized sulpholeic acid is first diluted in distilled water, the volume of which may be a multiple of the volume of the acid. This solution is left to settle for some time, whereupon the unchanged glyceride will' be separated from the sulpholeic acid along with small quantities of oxidized oleic acid, (O,,H,,O,,) which has formed by decomposition. The

sulpholeic acid, still diluted in water, is now separated by adding mineral acids, and then 50 it is neutralized by addition of an alkalias, forinstance, oxide of sodium (Na-,O,) or potassic hydrate, (KOEL) of which the latter is full equivalent to the first. Thus a purer sulpho- SO Na O 5 5 OO,Na,O, (sulphoricinoleateofsodium)isreceivedthan by the first-named process, and this salt, especially in the concentrated state, will have a considerably greater dissolvingpower than 60 the salt obtained by the direct combination of sulpholeic acid with an alkali. The salt obtained by this second and better process serves as the base for my preparations, which are leic-acid saltfor instance, O H

made by mixing the salt with bisulphide of carbon in the proportion of 25 to 50 units of weight of bisulphide of carbon with 100 parts of the salt.

I am well aware that bisulphide of carbon, carbolic acid, and kerosene have been used heretoforeas anti-parasitics on trees, 8m. These substances, however, required a medium to be diluted with, and, as such a medium, either milk orsoap-water was used. The mentioned bodies, however, being not or very little so- 7 luble in milk and soapwvater, would remain on the surface of the tree in their full strength, and only a weak solution would penetrate the bark of the tree. The bodiesfor instance, bisulphide of carbon and soap water-would therefore remain separated. The bisulphide of carbon, where remaining in its full strength, would destroy the tree, and where only partly diluted would have no effect at all on the insects in the bark. Therefore only the weaker S 5 ones of the above named substances were hitherto considered as useful and beneficial, while the stronger ones were considered to be too dangerous for the trees. However, if a salt of $0 M OO,M, salt called sulforicinoleate of sodium (O,,H,,) is used as medium for dissolving bisulphide of carbon, (GS,,) the effect will be 5 different. Dissolved in sulphoricinoleate of sodium the bisulphuret of carbon will become soluble also in water, and will be equally disthe general formula O,,H,,{

or if the The mixture consisting of sulphoricinoleate of sodium 0 .H. {303N320 and bisulphide carbon (08 the whole forming an antl-parasitic for destroying insects, moss, and fungi.

In testimony whereof I hereunto sign my name, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 27th day of November, 1883.

ARMAND MULLER.

Vitnesses RENE GEELHAAR, E. LEIBUNDGUT. 

